The BMW M52 is a Straight 6 piston engine. Displacement ranges from 2000 cc to 3200 cc. It is a DOHC 24-valve engine, originally introduced with VANOS Variable Valve Timing. It replaced the BMW M50 engine in 1994 and was replaced in 2001 with the BMW M54 engine. The world market engine used Nikasil lined aluminium cylinders instead of a cast iron sleeves used in the Americas market engine. The reason for this is Nikasil is eroded by the higher sulfur content fuel used in Americas.
In markets with low-sulfur fuel this engine was very highly regarded and the M52 was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 1995 through to 1998. However, there was criticism of the M52 engine in some markets, especially the UK, which had high levels of sulfur in the petrol during the late 90's. Sulfur acts as a corrosive agent against Nikasil and led to a lot of the early engines having premature bore-liner wear. Fortunately this problem was solved in post-September 1998 cars with the introduction of steel cylinder liners, with the designation M52 TU-3. However problems are still present in these engines so affected cars of this period should be bought with caution unless the service history verifies that work was carried out to rectify the problem. The American market M52 used iron sleeves from the beginning, and so, was unaffected by this problem.